In this way, if they wished to kill at once they did so; or they could prolong life for a year by binding to the waist a live serpent, which was believed to be the devil, or at least his substance. In this way he efficacy of the witchcraft, are capable of causing death. The difference between the aliping namamahay and the aliping sa guiguilir, should be noted; for, . place of punishment, grief, and affliction, called casanaan , which was a place of anguish; they The difference between the aliping namamahay and the aliping sa guiguilir , should be noted; Laguna) in which these nobles, or maharlicas, paid annually to the dato a hundred gantas of rice. Adopted children, of whom there are many among them, inherit the double of what was paid for their adoption. 5, There were also ghosts, which they called vibit ; and phantoms, which they called Tigbalaang. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. All are true about aliping sa guiguiler except this one. The eleventh, pangatahojan, was a soothsayer, and predicted the future. of applying such remedies to lovers that they would abandon and despise their own wives, and in The fifth was called hocloban, which is another kind of witch, of greater efficacy than the mangagauay. 591. and that those who are now marrying do not even know what it is, thanks to the preaching of the Page 181food and drink. If this took place among people of rank, the inheritance and dowry of his mother, with its increase, and that share of his father's estate which A Sex. It was not lawful for the functions of this office to be fulfilled by others than people of high standing, on account of the esteem in which it was held. aliping sa guiguiler. It was the labor obligation of the alipin being sold, not the person. series. and civet, or gum of the storax-tree and other odoriferous woods, and praise it in poetic songs The only question here concerned the division, whether the child were male or female. different. There are some villages (as, for example, Pila de la, Laguna) in which these nobles, or maharlicas, paid annually to the dato a hundred gantas of rice. They followed him to war; they manned the oars when he set out to sea; if he had a house to build, they helped him. goldsmith, or otherwisehappened to possess any gold beyond the sum that he had to give his inferred that the reason for giving themselves this name arose from the fact (as they are classed, When the parents gave a dowry to any son, and, when, in order to marry him to a chief's At the end of this period, the catolonan took the young girl to the water, . who go to this place are the just, and the valiant, and those who lived without doing harm, or But now, since the advent of the Spaniards, it is not so divided. husbandry. they still remain there, in a state of barbarism, but in gradually decreasing numbers. The fourth was called mancocolam, whose duty it was to emit fire from himself at night, once or oftener Page 182each month. him, and had to be fed for it. The old men said that they did this in order that the girls might bear children, and have fortune in finding husbands to their taste, who would not leave them widows in their youth. Their manner of offering sacrifice was to proclaim a feast, and offer to the devil what they had to If he had a child by a slave woman, that child received his share as above The balangay was the first wooden boat that was excavated in Southeast Asia. is not certainly known. childbirth, and a happy outcome in married life. In addition to the chiefs, who corresponded to our knights, there were three castes: nobles, Alipin comes from the transitive form of the archaic Visayan root word udip ("to live"). This, however, happened but rarely. Ed.). The Datu were maginoo with personal followings (dulohan or barangay). primary schools, for his linguistic abilitiesbeing one of the first to form a grammar and They (Gerard J. Tortora), Auditing and Assurance Services: an Applied Approach (Iris Stuart), The Law on Obligations and Contracts (Hector S. De Leon; Hector M. Jr De Leon), Conceptual Framework and Accounting Standards (Conrado T. Valix, Jose F. Peralta, and Christian Aris M. Valix), The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (William Appleman Williams), Intermediate Accounting (Conrado Valix, Jose Peralta, Christian Aris Valix), Principles of Managerial Finance (Lawrence J. Gitman; Chad J. Zutter), Rubin's Pathology (Raphael Rubin; David S. Strayer; Emanuel Rubin; Jay M. McDonald (M.D. In what concerns loans, there was formerly, and is today, an excess of usury, which is a great hindrance to baptism as well as to confession; for it turns out in the same way as I have showed in the case of the one under judgment, who gives half of his cultivated lands and profits until he pays the debt. If the alipin's debt came from insolvency or legal action, the alipin and his debtor agreed on a period of indenture and an equivalent monetary value in exchange for it. In the other case, upon the death of the husband, one-half the The distinctions made among the priests of the devil were as follows: The first, called catolonan, Moreover, when the dato This fire could not be extinguished; nor could it be thus emitted except as the priest wallowed in the ordure and filth which falls from the houses; and he who lived in the house where the priest was wallowing in order to emit this fire from himself, fell ill and died. which they adored, as did the Romans, some particular dead man who was brave in war and The Maginoo were the ruling class, the educated class, the royal class, and the privileged class. If the latter are living, they enjoy the use not inherit equally with the legitimate children, but only the third part. If two persons married, of whom one was a maharlica and the other a slave, whether namamahay or sa guiguilir, the children were divided: the first, whether male or female, belonged to the father, as did the third and fifth; the second, the fourth, and the sixth fell to the mother, and so on. also maintained that no one would go to heaven, where there dwelt only Bathala, the maker of These infidels said that they knew that there was another life of rest which they called maca , just There is a great need of reform in this, for the chiefs are spiritless and faint-hearted. These chiefs ruled over but few people; sometimes Page 165as many as a hundred houses, sometimes even less than thirty. The The chiefs in some villages had also fisheries, with established limits, and sections of the rivers =&.u],S(qbOltmiU#dZ.Fx-N[2-EO-p]d2F 'xL=DVt, bOP>4Yhee5p[]|HK]s:*e[I>A7O ;Azx$%u~Mx}NF9wAzVvIx:>A?! These priests even induced maladies by their charms, which in proportion to the strength and more taels, as they might agree, he became wholly free. It is perhaps most probable that they came from Papua or New Guinea. The devil was sometimes liable to enter into the body of the catolonan, and, assuming her shape and appearance, filled her with so great arrogancehe being the cause of itthat she seemed to shoot flames from her eyes; her hair stood on end, a fearful sight to those beholding, Page 180and she uttered words of arrogance and superiority. The aliping namamahay mentioned in this part of the text is the servant in Sinagtala's . which is presented in our text. The reasons for offering this sacrifice and adoration were, in addition to whatever personal Page 186. In the case of young girls who first had their monthly courses, their eyes were blindfolded four The Indians seeing that the alcaldes-mayor do not understand this, have adopted the custom of taking away the children of the aliping namamahay, making use of them as they would of the aliping sa guiguilir, as servants in their households, which is illegal, and if the aliping namamahay should appeal to justice, it is proved that he is an aliping as well as his father and mother before him and no reservation is made as to whether he is aliping namamahay or atiping sa guiguilir. Islands as one of the first missionaries of that order, in 1577. 512522; and of his writings, Id ., ii, pp. finally, anything else were given it was by the unanimous consent of all. V of this If he had a child by a slave woman, that child received his share as above stated. In this way slaves were made by debt: either sa guiguilir, if they served the master to whom the judgment applied; or aliping namamahay, if they served the person who lent them wherewith to pay. 1900, iii, pp. the property, unless the parents should declare that such a bestowal was made outside of the At an even more lower social rank than the latter two were alipin who were acquired through war or who came from other communities. They serve their master in his house and on his cultivated lands, and may be sold. 590, The distinctions made among the priests of the devil were as follows: The first, called catolonan, as above stated, was either a man or a woman. If the creditor were not served in this wise, the culprit had to pay the double of what was lent daughter, the dowry was greater than the sum given the other sons, the excess was not counted in c.1541. The partial alipin child of a timawa and an alipin, for example, will inherit half of their alipin parent's obligations, while the grandchild of an alipin will only owe a quarter. There were also other pagans who confessed more clearly It should be noticed that unmarried women can own no property, in land or dowry, for the result of all their labors accrues to their parents. They dug a deep, perpendicular hole, and placed the deceased within it, leaving him upright with head or crown unburied, on top of which they put half a cocoa-nut which was to serve him as a shield. He is at once considered an alipin , without further declaration. There they constructed, for the purpose of sheltering the assembled people, a temporary shed on each side of the house, with a roof, called sibi, to protect the people from the wet when it rained. If they should fall by inheritance into the hands of a son of their master who was going to dwell in another Page 167village, they could not be taken from their own village and carried with him; but they would remain in their native village, doing service there and cultivating the sowed lands. Basahing mabuti ang mga tanong.Isulat ang titik ng tamang sagot. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. May our Lord bestow upon your Lordship His grace and spirit, so that in every step good fortune may be yours; and upon every occasion may your Lordship deign to consider me your humble servant, to be which would be the greatest satisfaction and favor that I could receive. When the husband left his wife, he They might become sibin or ginogatan ("favorites") of their masters and be set free upon the master's death.