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Hangzhou was held by the Japanese from 1937 to 1945. Local industry flourished and worship of Taoism and Buddhism peaked. It was thought that this made them more submissive and signified their family's status. The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. The county of Qiantang was first established at this site under the Qin dynasty (221207 bce) but did not start developing until the 4th and 5th centuries ce, when the Yangtze River delta area began to be settled. In the late 1950s a major tractor plant was built in Hangzhou, and a machine-tool industry subsequently developed. Among the 338,000 new residents, the net inflow population accounted for more than 300,000, suggesting that Hangzhou is becoming a magnet for talent. Most other cities can only boast of one special product; what makes the capital unique is that it gathers goods from all places. Furthermore, because of the large population and the busy commercial traffic, there is a demand for everything." Description of Hangzhou, capital of the southern Song dynasty, circa 1235 C.E. In Europe, the introduction of movable type printing caused a huge literary, social, religious and political revolution and great cultural change because movable type printing for Europeans was much more economical than block printing. However, Hangzhou is also an ancient city with a rich and complex history. There were conflicts with the Viets in the south. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. Enjoy your personal local guide and ride. China Highlights tailor-makes China tours to help travelers discover A population count in Hangzhou was carried out in 2023. Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 60m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. Most of the west and north of the former Tang territory was taken over by other empires or by nomadic tribes. China: population of Hangzhou from 1980 to 2035. Nanchang - 6.4 million (up by 183,000) 4. highlights! These were: The Neo-Confucian doctrines were highly influential among rulers in China and several East Asian countries. Updates? The Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty or the Mongol invasion of China beginning under gedei Khan (r. 1229 - 1241) and completed under Kublai Khan (r. 1260-1294) was the final step for the Mongols to rule the whole of continental East Asia under the Yuan dynasty (a division of the Mongol Empire).It is considered the Mongol Empire's last great military achievement. If you can't see exactly what you want, you can customize your tour or use our tailor-made service and describe the tour you'd like for a free response within 24 hours. With these strengths, the new empire quickly started flourishing by prioritizing maritime trade and building a powerful navy. The policy greatly strengthened the empire so that it could endure. The Song Empire enjoyed unprecedented economic growth. This saying means "in heaven there is paradise, on earth there is Su[zhou] and Hang[zhou]". So rice cultivation spread into more areas of the Song Empire. May 16, 2018. Rice became the major food crop, and their increased output enabled the population to explode. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. Try new and Song court officials were generally chosen based on their performance on the Imperial Exam. Porcelain: Song porcelain was highly prized in the West. The Neo-Confucian Classics were the Four Books and Five Classics (). Favorable rules for peasants and farmers: The Song had a law that any farmer who planted on fallow land and paid taxes could own the land, and this encouraged peasants to become landowners. knowledge In 1206, Temjin, an orphan and a former slave, united the many feuding clans which occupied the steppes to the north of China and took the title "Genghis Khan." Once this feat was accomplished he turned to military conquests abroad. The Mongol army that was sent to invade them was far bigger than the ones sent to attack the Middle East, Russia, Europe or any other region, but the Mongols had quickly conquered all the other countries and empires. He said that the method wasn't useful for printing just a few sheets of text, but for a hundreds of sheets, the method was fast and economical. Arts and theater thrived. In the east, by the year 923, there were 8 small kingdoms. Thus, the city, with its beautiful scenery and sites of historical interest, is among Chinas most popular tourist destinations. What is al-sakh? Not only is it a major tourist destination for its famous West Lake, but it's also home to some of China's biggest innovative businesses, like Alibaba. 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At the end of the Song Dynasty in 1277, the Song army used landmines against the Mongols. In the year 1234, the Song army joined the Mongol army in attacking the Jin Empire that had been fending off the Mongols for more than two decades. The population probably led the world in literacy and educational level as well. 1993 - Hangzhou Economic & Technological Development Zone approved. 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Hangzhou is ranked #13 in the city population ranking in China. First of all, systematic studies are conducted on the spatial variation of population in Hangzhou over more than 30 years, based on data from several national censuses including the most recent one, the fifth census in 2000. It became immensely wealthy, being at the centre of a fertile rice-growing area as well as being the site of the most important silk industries in China. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The Song had more land under cultivation than in the geographically much larger and more populous later Ming (13681644) and Qing (16441912) empires. even physicians and fortune tellers Eleven cities, including Hangzhou, Qingdao and Wenzhou, have populations of 9-10 million. Alternate titles: Camsay, Hang, Hang-chou, Hangchow, Linan, Quinsai, Quinsay, Xingzai. This knowledge predates European discovery. The Song period (960-1276) was a time of economic growth, population growth, and urbanization. The best surviving example of monumental scale Song construction is the Iron Pagoda in Kaifeng. It wasn't until the beginning of the Southern Song era that scholars think that the population in the region first exceeded 100 million. By the Qing Empire era, the majority of women except those of the many ethnic minority groups had bound feet. A paid subscription is required for full access. The Chinese now like to call Hangzhou a "Paradise on Earth". Tang Dynasty (618-907) Hangzhou's population increases as well as its regional power, serves as the capital for the Wuyue kingdom in the late tenth century. The Imperial Examination System: Taizu is known as one who set the policy that most of the governing officials of his empire should be Confucian Literati who passed a difficult exam called the Imperial Exam that tested mainly knowledge of the Confucian Classics and other ancient literature. Please do not hesitate to contact me. Hangzhou, Wade-Giles romanization Hang-chou, conventional Hangchow, city and capital of Zhejiang sheng (province), China. There was a big migration of Han ethnic people from the old northern domains into the new empire. (May 16, 2018). They also learned to mass produce the fine porcelain. to incorporate the statistic into your presentation at any time. Get full access to all features within our Business Solutions. Since the construction of railways in Fujian province in the 1950s, Hangzhou has become the focus of rail traffic from the southeastern provinces to Shanghai. The permanent population of Hangzhou has reached 12.204 million with a birth rate of 7.6, a death rate of 4.7, an urbanization rate of 83.6%, and an average age of 38. Though he failed in his campaign against the Western Xia, he was very successful as a scientist. More details can be found in our privacy policy. After some debate it was decided to make a move on Russia and Europe. If you use our datasets on your site or blog, we ask that you provide attribution via a link back to this page. However, unlike their influence in developing culture, religion and philosophy, many of the Song scientific advances were lost and forgotten in the later dynasties. She currently writes for Air France's Flying Blue China Club. Population HUB - this is an accessible statistics of the population of the country, city and any other region. Soon it will be possible to see the city of Hangzhou on the map. Fast site work and constantly updated data. Here the history of Hangzhou in brief. During the Ten Kingdoms (Shiguo) period (907960), Hangzhou was the capital of the state of Wu-Yue. The philosophy and religion differs from common Confucianism in that the scholars and rulers elevated rationalism and focused on the role of the emperors according to the ancient teaching of the Mandate of Heaven. That Hangzhou had a large population b. A Shanghai-Ningbo expressway via Hangzhou was completed in the 1990s, and a Nanjing-Hangzhou expressway opened in the early 21st century. The population in Hangzhou for 2023 is 8700000. What place does Hangzhou have in terms of population in China? Based on imperial census counts taken during the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC9 AD) and the Tang Dynasty (618907), it is thought that the population of both of the those empires was about 50 million or 60 million. Then the Jurchens turned against the Song Empire and captured Kaifeng that was the Song capital city. Furthermore, because of the large population and the busy commercial traffic, there is a demand for everything." Description of Hangzhou, capital of the southern Song dynasty, circa 1235 C.E. The Song used varieties of gunpowder in rockets including multistage rockets, guns, cannons, chemical warfare weapons, and bombs. You need at least a Starter Account to use this feature. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Hangzhou, Hangzhou China - Official site of Hangzhou, Hangzhou - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). A disadvantage of this political philosophy was that innovative reform and political criticism could be restricted easily by imperial rulers. Along with Hangzhou, Quanzhou, Guangzhou, and Xiamen were other huge seaport merchant cities, some of the biggest and richest in the world at the time, and great wealth flowed through them. As a Premium user you get access to the detailed source references and background information about this statistic. Private trading companies in these giant merchant cities exported Chinese tea, silk and manufactured goods such as steel products. Hurun Global Rich List 2020", Hangzhou Economic & Technological Development Zone|China Industrial Space, Hangzhou Export Processing Zone|China Industrial Space, Hangzhou Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone|China Industrial Space, "Modern-Day Marco Polo for Hangzhou, China", "Hangzhou Port cargo throughput exceeds 100 mln tons", KLM launched its first flight to Hangzhou in China, "China unveils Shanghai-Hangzhou high-speed railway; eyes network extension", "Hangzhou Halts All Electric Taxis as a Zotye Langyue (Multipla) EV Catches Fire", "Zhejiang University surpasses Tsinghua as top university of China", "Leading 200 science cities | Nature Index 2022 Science Cities | Supplements | Nature Index", "Kota Kinabalu, Hangzhou to ink MoU to enhance friendship ties", "Remarks by Consul-General CHEN Peijie At the National Day Reception", "China's Hanghzou Clears Out Pestsand Peopleas It Prepares to Host the G20 Summit", Arts Crafts Museum Hangzhou in Google Cultural Institute, List of universities and colleges in Zhejiang, Yangtze River Midstream (Yangtze River Valley), Sub-provincial cities as provincial capitals, Template:Administrative divisions of Taiwan, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hangzhou&oldid=1142578752, Populated places established in the 3rd century BC, Sub-provincial cities in the People's Republic of China, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles containing Chinese-language text, CS1 Simplified Chinese-language sources (zh-hans), CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Articles with Persian-language sources (fa), Articles with Latin-language sources (la), CS1 Chinese (China)-language sources (zh-cn), Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from January 2023, Articles needing additional references from April 2018, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2013, Articles needing cleanup from August 2019, Articles with sections that need to be turned into prose from August 2019, Articles needing additional references from August 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2023, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2020, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. In 1861, during the Taiping Rebellion (185064), the city fell to the rebels and suffered severe damage. In the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the Mongols created the largest contiguous empire the world has ever known. If you can weave through the vendors, you can get a sense of what the city looked like in ancient times. Historians divide Song history into two eras: In between, there was a short period of invasion and infighting among rivals before the remnants of the empire arose again south of the Yangtze. You need a Statista Account for unlimited access.