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Climate Change. School uniforms promote equality among students. It creates an element of risk for the child while they are in prison. When it comes to the more strictly controlled drugs, there will be extremely harsh sentences for producing, having and attempting to sell them. The sentencing disparity dates back to the "War on Drugs" in the 1980s, when Congress passed the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986. Three Strikes Law Pros and Cons List | NYLN.org Although there are advantages to having older teens in the adult system because they can take advantage of the available services, younger children require a juvenile-specific approach that is not available if they are tried and convicted as an adult. This response to the crime places them at a needless risk because a child is five times more likely to be sexually assaulted when serving time in an adult prison than they are if they are in a juvenile facility. Sentence Examples. 13. Sentencing them as an adult gives the justice system the time it needs to offer a true chance at rehabilitation. Parole boards have too much power. Only 28 states have passed laws which ban employers from placing the conviction history of an individual on a job application. It can offer services to the youth that would not be available in the juvenile system. They argue that: Uniforms are usually a standard set of clothes chosen by schools. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. The Pros and Cons of Military Service - US News & World Report Here are some key ideas you can incorporate in the body of your essay: Explain the essence of having school uniforms on students, teachers, and learning institutions. One of the primary arguments in favor of mandatory sentencing is that it creates a sense of justice and fairness. Pro: School uniforms should be compulsory. School uniforms In 1996 the Unites States department of education found that only 3% of public schools required uniforms.AS a result of this president Clinton and the department of education encouraged schools to make school uniforms mandatory (Mitchell 1996). 3. Thus, if an individual was convicted . Net Neutrality. In the United States, it is still a mandatory minimum sentence for serious crimes, like treason. If a juvenile is charged with an adult crime, then such an action may limit the civil responsibilities that the parents have for the conduct of their child. She told authorities that she was afraid that she would get into trouble. According to the 2016 juvenile justice report released by King County, WA, more than 85% of the defendants charged with robbery were 16 or 17 years old, with 50% of them using a firearm to commit their crime. His indeterminate sentencing was therefore upheld. Alternative sentencing does not have that effect. When juveniles are with adults in the justice system, then their rates begin to climb to match those of the older offenders. Cyntoia Brown is one story of about 10,000 who was sentenced as a juvenile for killing a man when she was just 16 years old. Moving a child into the adult court system exposes them to the mandatory sentencing guidelines which exist in most jurisdictions. The Federal Juvenile Delinquency Act provides rules and procedures for local and state courts to follow when working with juvenile offenders, but each state imposes additional requirements. Having a dress code that requires a student's beltline exposed reduces the fear of a concealed weapon. It encourages an environment where coercion exists. Do School Uniforms Make a Difference? In sentencing, equality in practice looks rather dif-ferent from equality in theory. One girl was sentenced to 25 years in a mental institution, while the other was given 40 years. Mod5essay - #10.1 Compare and contrast determinate and 5 Interesting Facts About the Statue of Liberty, 9 Pros and Cons of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, 26 Perfect Mother Daughter Dance Songs For Quinceanera, 40 Best Songs for 50th Wedding Anniversary Slideshow, 10 Advantages and Disadvantages of Nuclear Fusion, 22 Best Songs for 60th Birthday Slideshow. When children receive a conviction in the juvenile justice system, then their records are typically not accessible once they reach a specific age (usually 18 or 21, depending on their state). These laws, as outlined by the . It can be used to target specific groups of people. School uniforms emphasize the socio-economic divisions they are supposed to eliminate. Uniforms in Schools: Pros and Cons - Brighterly.com In theory, the harsher the determinate sentencing happens to be, then the more likely someone is going to choose to follow the law so they dont have to deal with legal consequences. Referenced for its constant work in progress at all levels of authority and the numerous problems it is facing, this system try its best to provide just punishments to those who break the law. Because there are no variables that change the sentencing guidelines of these convictions, someone going to trial will know immediately what their outcome will be if they are found guilty or plead guilty. This eliminates the anxiety between the conviction and sentencing phases of a trial and lets the court proceed in a quicker manner. These cumbersome standards (and cumbersome clothes) eventually became more relaxed, though. It does not provide them with youth-specific services. These are the key points to consider. Alternative Energy. Mandatory Sentencing Pros And Cons | ipl.org This means that he is likely to commit an act unintentionally or involuntarily while in a sober state. For one thing, there will be more state prisons to maintain and more criminals to feed. This is not to justify drunken behavior, but it is important to note that an intoxicated individual would not think through the possible consequences of his actions. Pros And Cons Of Removing Ovaries For Endometriosis, 50 Intense Pros and Cons of Dropping the Atomic Bomb, 20 Intriguing Pros and Cons of Becoming a State National, Pros And Cons Of Higher Education For Police Officers. Pros And Cons Of Mandatory Minimum Sentences. With uniforms, a more professional tone is set in a school, encouraging students to take their studies more seriously. In some cases, this works very well, but in other situations, its benefits are not always so apparent. 0. High Prison Cost. They argue that: Most kids don't like school uniforms. While supporters say that it decreases crime and remove sympathy or bias from the litigation process, opponents argue that it unfairly targets minority groups in the US, destroying families and homes, as well as creating an institution where citizens are more likely to commit crimes in the future. Uniforms: The Pros and Cons - Public School Review It creates a lifetime of effects for the child in question. 551 lessons. That law established mandatory minimum sentences for drug trafficking offenses. Parts of speech. Synonyms for Pros and cons. In his opinion, this option for the justice system should be limited to teens who are at least 15 years old and are repeat violent offenders. - Definition, Length & Statistics, What Is Capital Punishment? Some people think that school uniforms can help make schools safer for kids. This most often comes with drug convictions, but there are other examples that are on the books, such as the three strikes laws that require a life . There are some pros and cons of determinate sentencing that may start to change your mind about this practice. Choosing a debatable topic allows you to select a balanced number of pros and cons. ###10.1 Compare and contrast determinate and indeterminate sentencing. These mandatory minimum sentences pros and cons show us that it may be beneficial to have them for serious crime. They can create an environment of coercion. 3. The number of schools with strict dress codes has also increased, from 47% in 2000 to 57% in 2010. The Pros And Cons Of Mandatory Sentencing - 848 Words | Cram A friendship is not a contract or a business deal where pros and cons are weighed. Justice Kennedy at the time even wrote that children who commit heinous crimes are capable of changing. 1. Up until the 1960s, capital punishment was a mandatory minimum sentence for murder. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Mandatory Sentencing Pros and Cons List | NYLN.org Uniform policies save valuable class time because they are easier to enforce than a standard dress code. The State of California has even been ordered by the Supreme Court to reduce their state prison population. Pros and Cons of Abolishing the Juvenile Court System Currently, there is no uniform juvenile court system in the United States. Once the convicted criminal serves the minimum sentence, the parole board decides whether the person should be released. 1. 8. All rights reserved. The pros and cons of employing prisoners | Financial Times He also fell asleep during the pretrial motions of the case, which showed a lack of remorse to prosecutors. Promote comradery and foster a sense of community. Create an account to start this course today. Statistics show that such laws have had mixed results in terms of reducing crime. In fact, a 2020 report showed that the percentage of public schools that require uniforms went from 12% in 1999 to 20% in 2017. The Smarter Sentencing Act would permit a district judge to impose sentences without regard to any mandatory minimum if the court finds that the defendant has no more than two criminal history . Firstly, studies have shown that implementing school uniforms have affected the student's behavior and school test results. A study conducted in 1999 showed that longer sentences had a 3% recidivism rate. She was scheduled to complete her sentence in 2015, but then was released to the community in 2012 despite being convicted of a triple homicide. Pros and Cons of School Uniforms - ThoughtCo It is important to note that any judicial system can have flaws and imperfections. For the 10-year-old girl in Wisconsin who is accused of committing first-degree homicide, it is a Class A felony which can be sentenced to only life imprisonment. 1. It does not include the sympathy factor. The Federal Sentencing Guidelines are non-binding rules that set out a uniform sentencing policy for defendants convicted in the United States federal court system that became effective in 1987. Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository - University of Pennsylvania Uniforms at school also reduce the prevalence of violence, which is a major concern . 5. Most parents and educators support mandatory school uniforms. It shifts the personal bias. When a person is intoxicated, there would be a change in his behavior or personality, which can affect his self-control. Because of the severe sentencing guidelines that are required by a . When 9-year-old Cameron Kocher fired a rifle out of a window, accidentally striking his 7-year-old neighbor who was riding a snowmobile, that may not be the case. In fact, for drugs that are more frequently used by the African American community, there are even harsher sentences than those used by the majority white population. Both of them chose to plead guilty to the crime, of which their friend was able to survive. A parole board is a panel that reviews an offender's criminal record while in prison to determine their eligibility for parole. IN film and TV dramas, it all looks so easy. - Definition, History, Pros & Cons, What Is Community Service? That means the judge is responsible for determining the guilt or innocence of the juvenile, and what their sentence should be for their crime. Most of the mandatory minimum sentencing laws in the United States involve drug possession, drug distribution, and similar criminal conduct. 2. In Canada, over two-dozen offences in the Criminal Code carry mandatory minimum sentences. 2. In addition, the school uniform shows the single identity of the school. Issues such as security and safety, uniformity, and promoting togetherness or unity as benefits. Regardless of your opinion, its important to look at all the facts and consider the pros and cons of such laws before making any decisions. Erases Cultural Differences. 8. She was given clemency in 2019 after serving 15 years in prison for the crime. Pros and cons are arguments for or against a particular issue. Determinate sentencing takes any question of bias out of the sentencing portion of a trial. In regards to the case of the 10-year-old girl in Wisconsin, Steinberg said that she wouldnt likely pass a competency test to stand trial in the first place. Pros And Cons Of Minimum Sentencing - 1181 Words | Cram 2. A parole board cannot review determinate sentencing, as the judge gives the final ruling. Pros and cons definition: The pros and cons of something are its advantages and disadvantages, which you consider. What Are Federal Sentencing Guidelines? Often times when a judge issues a sentence he or she has relatively no say on whether or not show more content. 137 other terms for pros and cons- words and phrases . Students dressed in uniform are better perceived by teachers and peers. 2. Indeterminate sentencing is a structure where a convicted criminal's sentence is given as a range. In addition, this unfair practice primarily affects minorities more. Among the US cities with the highest use of school uniforms in public schools are Philadelphia (100% of schools), New Orleans (95%), Cleveland (85%), Chicago (80%), Boston (65%), and Miami (60%). The modest-looking storefront Army recruiting . When they are sentenced to the adult system, then they can take advantage of the additional programming that is available there, including addiction support, GED learning, and opportunity to continue an education. But in practice, the sausage factory that is the American criminal justice system focuses not on equal inputs or fair processes but on uniform . For mandatory minimum sentences, they help with creating a standard of justice that is applied equally to all parties who have been charged with similar crimes. 4. Most of the time, you can purchase them from special uniform stores or directly from the school., Depending on the school's choice of attire, uniforms will usually have the school's crest or emblem on button-up or polo shirts, as well as blazers and sweatshirts., These days, students can often choose from a range of options, such as:. They Stifle Creativity and Individuality. Records showed a history of violence and a previous no-contact order that Lockridge violated. Choose a debatable topic. The severity of a crime that a juvenile commits typically increases as they get older. Cohesion and Equality. List of the Pros of Trying Juveniles as Adults. By requiring a judge to hand out a mandated punishment for a crime, their role becomes quite limited. And since prosecutors are part of the executive branch, while the judicial branch has almost no role in giving sentences, the democratic systems checks and balances will be removed. balancing sentencing policy with limited correctional resources. One of the many benefits of wearing school uniforms for children is that they create a sense of identity and unity among school students. These Guidelines suggest punishments based on the level of the crime, which is assigned by the Guidelines, and the defendant's history of prior criminal . In this case, the 10-year-old girl allegedly dropped the baby boy, who then hit his head and began to cry. Determinate sentences are prison terms that have definite lengths of time to be served . It does not give a defendant an opportunity to be tried by a jury of their peers. In the United States, you must be old enough to vote in order to sit on a jury. The 1989 act required the Sentencing Commission to study the implementation and impact of the guidelines. 4. School uniforms create a level playing field among students, reducing peer pressure and bullying. 22 Advantages and Disadvantages of School Dress Codes However, opponents of this type of sentencing feel that parole boards get too much power when an offender's future is in their hands. Capital Punishment. They reduce time spent shopping, as well as money spent buying clothes, and eliminate bullying based on dress and appearance. Thus, students give more attention . When children are tried in juvenile court, then the judge presiding over the case will have the final decision as to what the outcome of the proceedings will be. In theory, egalitarian sentencing could fo-cus on equalizing inputs or processes that determine punishment. For example, the person's criminal past and behavior in prison determine the length of prison time the inmate needs for rehabilitation. There are various forms of sentences that are to be reviewed: concurrent and consecutive sentences . They have to behave while in prison and show that they are rehabilitated enough to rejoin society. 2. In some cases, it creates unjust sentences 3. He had spent several years in solitary confinement as a teen at Rikers Island because he had allegedly stolen a backpack. The justice system usually focuses on rehabilitation with indeterminate sentencing instead of retributive corrections. One recent case in Montana involved a teacher who received a 30-day prison sentence for raping a 14-year-old student of his. The juvenile system focuses on providing youth offenders with counseling, vocational development, and school access which allows them to continue with their studies. Therefore, this kind of sentencing occurs when the amount of time an individual will spend in prison is uncertain. Pros and Cons of the Death Penalty - ThoughtCo School uniforms may improve attendance and discipline. This most often comes with drug convictions, but there are other examples that are on the books, such as the three strikes laws that require a life sentence on someones third specific felony conviction. ProCon.org - Pros and Cons of 100+ Topics If illegal actions seem like they are normal or accepted in their household, then they will see that as being an acceptable course of action to take in the rest of society as well. 1. From stifling individuality to the extra costs, there are several solid arguments against imposing a school uniform on students. In Montana, the minimum mandatory sentence for a rape conviction, based on the charges filed, was 2 years.