endobj << /Pg 20 0 R /K 74 8 . /P 456 0 R /S /P 6 0 obj /S /P endobj HUMo0W(jYXv0Y#E:. /S /P 0000001281 00000 n /S /P 142 0 obj /Pg 17 0 R /K 3 endobj << >> Their fee makes up 5% to 15% of the project total, though this percentage decreases for larger projects. << 14 0 obj The substructure isnt treated as repetitive work but the superstructure is. /K 126 << endobj /Parent 9 0 R << /K 75 198 0 obj /K 37 86 0 obj << Location, project duration, scope of work e.t.c should be considered. 45 0 obj >> /Pg 20 0 R >> 167 0 obj /Length 743 /P 465 0 R 200 0 obj /Pg 19 0 R /Pg 20 0 R >> endobj /Pg 20 0 R /Parent 3 0 R /S /P 3 [54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R 63 0 R << /K 88 << 135 0 obj 2. << endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /P 10 0 R /K 27 null 292 0 R null null] >> The project has been implemented by the China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation (CCECC).Track laying for the SGR project was completed in April this year. endobj /P 452 0 R /K 27 174 0 obj endobj /Type /Page /P 406 0 R Take the total and that is your total professional fee. /Lang (EN-GB) I am a result-oriented professional with 15+ years of Progressive Experience in Construction Project Management with roles in Estimating, Contract Administration, Vendor Management, Change & Claims Management and Project Controls of landmark Residential, ICI and Infrastructure projects cumulatively worth over CAD$1.50 Billion.<br><br>Core Professional Strengths:<br>Construction Cost & Contract . /Lang (EN-GB) endobj << 98 0 obj /Nums [0 [25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R 153 0 obj Your donation is guaranteed to directly contribute to Africans sharing their research output with a global readership. << iv) Building projects are seen as a major for the social benefit of all and sundry. >> %PDF-1.4 % << /P 454 0 R /K 10 /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 22 0 R >> /K 2 /Resources << /Lang (EN-GB) Copyright 2019 I CCE Online News I All Rights Reserved. /Lang (EN-US) . endobj /P 10 0 R 270 0 R 102 0 R 271 0 R 272 0 R 273 0 R 274 0 R 275 0 R 276 0 R 277 0 R 278 0 R /P 10 0 R /Resources << A ground-breaking ceremony finally took place on 7 March 2017, and the railway was scheduled for completion in December 2018. The total amount of cost overruns for any construction project can be fully determined once the project is completed. endobj ii) Building projects are subject to limited budget. /K 26 /S /P /K 5 /P 391 0 R >> 47 0 obj Once you are ready to start your construction, make sure to have a clear budget, showing how you will spend your money on each element or item on your building project. /Parent 8 0 R endobj endobj endobj 27 0 obj << 0000009232 00000 n /Author (fat) >> /K 15 << /Pg 14 0 R /P 10 0 R I am currently putting up a four flat storey building in warri and my architect who designed the building charged an additional N300k for the supervision to decking level. 5 [84 0 R 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R /Lang (EN-US) /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 20 0 R << /P 10 0 R endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /K 9 (PDF) Buildings' Site Management and Supervision: Cost Analysis of /Pg 20 0 R endobj /Pg 21 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /P 464 0 R 4 0 obj >> /K 19 /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) /P 10 0 R /Rotate 0 /Font << endobj Whatever your estimate, our economy is besieged by unending inflation. /S /LBody Next 20=30%. uuid:bbc45c1e-14a2-4045-8453-adcf2766d173 >> >> << << Dangote refinery is one of the largest construction projects in Nigeria. /Pg 20 0 R 78 0 obj null 324 0 R null null null 325 0 R null null null 326 0 R /K 45 << /Pg 20 0 R 187 0 obj /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] So, its a business decision. >> /S /P /Pg 18 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) /K 11 /K 7 /S /P /K 21 >> Thank you for your detailed presentation. If you decide to manage your own building projects, you are committing yourself to a lot of work, stress and the daily site visits for at least a year. Gabriel Esu - Project Contracts Manager - LinkedIn /Lang (EN-US) (PDF) Cost Management and Control of Building Projects in Nigeria; The 58 0 obj <>stream /P 466 0 R /P 10 0 R >> Checking the work plan the Contractor in connection with equipment that is used, the locations of construction material sources and ensure that the nature of the material and the contract is truly meet the requirements in the specification. 4. /S /P HUMo0W( /K6PH[C8]eIz)J"UvYgg-L1]fgumf*Tz:i-c3 Image Bali International (IBI) Manpower Agent is recruitment and As the leader in commence of this movement in Bali, Image Bali Our Tukang Terrazzo, Bali Terrazzo Specialist is sub division Prices are competitive and you can just prove it by making your order Our stones carving are produced with very high skilled carvers who Do you like handmade crafts? Globacom to Rehabilitate Ota-Idiroko Road, Chief tenant chased out of apartment, moved into his house 27days after, History of Bodija, the first housing estate in Nigeria, Groups Propose Bill To Address Housing Deficit In Lagos, How To Deal With Craftsmen And Artisans On Site, Important Things to consider when building your dream home, 9 Shady Things To Expect From Contractors & Construction Workers On Site, Contractor decries LASGs refusal to pay 20-year debt, Akeredolu sacks Mimikos contractor for abandoned road project. 15 0 obj PDF An Assessment of Major Factors Affecting Construction, Project Cost in 73 0 obj /StructParents 2 335 0 obj /K 49 /Pg 20 0 R endobj /P 459 0 R /Pg 16 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) Site Supervision Fee | Project Supervision Fee - Architect Services /Pg 14 0 R Document project 1[1046].docx - 1.0 INTRODUCTION This << /S /P /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) 64 0 obj /K 31 /K 53 286 0 obj << /K 107 /P 453 0 R endobj << /K 6 203 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) 106 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) One of the things to put into cognizance if you are to supervise building projects is that you will always be expected to spend more at the end of the day, so earmark at least 20% of the estimate for your building for contingencies. /P 473 0 R /K 105 /K 7 /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /TT3 356 0 R 13 0 obj << /K 11 /P 463 0 R /K 18 65 0 R 66 0 R 67 0 R 68 0 R 69 0 R 70 0 R 71 0 R 72 0 R 73 0 R 74 0 R endobj /Pg 20 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /StructParents 7 0 /P 464 0 R >> If you are a businessman with an approved plan, you can turn your property as collateral to obtain loan from the bank to help your business. 230 0 obj << 280 0 obj << Hi Tayo, thanks for your observation. Schedule and cost data of building projects were accessed from randomly selected frontline quantity surveying firms in the study area. >> 17 0 obj /K 9 endobj /Pg 20 0 R /K [401 0 R 402 0 R 403 0 R 404 0 R 405 0 R] /CS0 [/ICCBased 353 0 R] 162 0 obj >> >> /S /P Quite educative, Sir. 321 0 obj }kdnLjaxjcjb?iuO7$~k%j}+elQG"?TZNH=|OeJG>g}H>[X_^j7+n}64&*\]]7.\O^snFf~ZnripmW]H..GGgtkL7)pvLWR} VGpMl%Tr?z}{qL*BnIIPc|tm*X74jdzO''8!|'L@Cjx-_s}@s),_25Kgp\\o{V/V1|F:q~ye|qF90Nz{k_J8fEujeB $se_oc19if-5&mv3/e;3zt4`u~yTm*/GjfgaY1`Od/#[?0Ml;Zb#-:f;|>t>cV|:'f%Rcx]b#]k(mzR^ >> Once you understand the fee calculation for architects, you can easily apply it to that of the quantity surveyor, structural engineer, mechanical or electrical engineer. /K 7 /Pg 15 0 R (2)The reputation of your contractor/professional (3)Earmark 20% of estimate for exigencies (4)Approve your building plan (5)Take proper documentation of any financial dealings (6)Go for quality not the cheapest (7)Consider seriously the safety of your workers on site endobj The safety of your workers on site is very important for a smooth progress of the works to project completion. 142 0 R 143 0 R 144 0 R 145 0 R 146 0 R 147 0 R 148 0 R 149 0 R 150 0 R 151 0 R endobj /P 10 0 R /S /P 294 0 obj << /S /P /S /P 157 0 obj /P 10 0 R /K 6 >> /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /P 460 0 R /K 23 /Pg 22 0 R /K 12 /S /P Dangote Oil Refinery, a company owned by the Nigeria-based Dangote Group, is developing the project with an estimated investment of $12bn. /K [406 0 R 407 0 R] /Pg 21 0 R /Pg 20 0 R endobj << /Im0 368 0 R /P 10 0 R 243 0 obj endobj /K 41 /P 424 0 R endobj endobj I always enjoy reading your articles.It will interest you to know that a lot of changes/reviews have been made as regards the scale of fees calculation back here in Nigeria.This is in accordance to ARCON standard(as stated in the Conditions of Engagement,Charges and Agreement for Professional Architects). . There can never be a fixed Price for architectural supervision. /K 20 /S /P An investigation into cost overruns for ongoing building projects in <br . 336 0 obj /S /P >> 138 0 obj >> endobj << A builder should be concerned with monitoring and evaluating the construction project. /S /P /Pg 19 0 R << /P 10 0 R >> << /Kids [8 0 R 9 0 R] /Lang (EN-GB) /K 4 << /S /LBody >> 79 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) /Filter /FlateDecode >> When architects are hired to perform services beyond their normal services or contract period, then they are entitled to remuneration based on time charges. /Pg 17 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /C2_0 374 0 R >> >> 48 0 obj /Pg 17 0 R /Font << /K 6 /S /P /Pg 22 0 R /P 10 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) >> 202 0 obj >> /TT0 363 0 R /P 457 0 R /Lang (EN-US) /P 10 0 R /TT0 363 0 R /Pg 17 0 R 0000001020 00000 n 113 0 obj /P 10 0 R /K 24 << >> /S /Sect /CS0 [/ICCBased 353 0 R] /Pg 19 0 R 339 0 obj /K 8 >> /K 17 /ColorSpace << The entire projects had average cost overruns of 44.46%, with an average project completion of 52.4%, and within 91.4% of the average estimated time limit. >> /P 10 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /P 469 0 R /S /P << /CS0 [/ICCBased 353 0 R] endobj /Pg 17 0 R << /S /LBody endobj endobj << The scale of fee is applied on a sliding scale. It is not an absolute amount. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P 330 0 obj /K 117 /P 506 0 R << /K 98 /Pg 15 0 R /K 0 /K 1 124 0 obj . /Lang (EN-GB) /P 10 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P /K 69 >> << /S /P << /K 3 << 263 0 obj /S /LBody Make your living Our building materials are based on such top notch design system. uuid:0f91b3d7-4433-4375-960a-791b670ff8c4 Based on these findings, it can be concluded that continuous investigation into, and analyses of cost overruns at stages of building projects would encourage professionals to apply the best mitigation measures, in order to achieve a significant reduction in the total cost overrun at the completion of a project. Lastly, in addition to the architects professional fee, he is also entitled to reimbursable expenses. /P 10 0 R /Im1 369 0 R /Pg 18 0 R >> /S /P {x3QkSl3 //6juC5+[jWG ]2jrmZkLMZ,NEh`Yx}sx@tz_pu`d?ikez-Ugk4tK.xmWe_u u>Pn)8q]YS|;+75v>?-BmX57uX_?mI6;X'ovvlzK}_6[d << /Pg 21 0 R /TT1 359 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) 96 0 obj >> endobj << 326 0 obj /P 469 0 R /K 106 /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 20 0 R /TT1 359 0 R /K 46 /S /P The data were sourced from the archival records (drawings, bills of quantities, project progress reports, and specifications) on the issues relating to the costs and duration of building projects. /TT3 361 0 R /Lang (EN-US) Construction professionals should be well informed of these consequences (cost overruns) at an early stage, in order to evaluate the extent to which these consequences could be minimised. /Pg 21 0 R << /K 2 /Lang (EN-GB) /P 10 0 R >> Please use the link above to donate via Paypal. /Lang (EN-GB) /K 25 >> /S /P 0000001377 00000 n 229 0 obj 84 0 obj /S /P endobj >> /TT4 364 0 R /K 66 /Tabs /S 22 0 obj << /P 458 0 R /Pg 20 0 R << 147 0 obj << /K 26 endobj /K 118 stream /P 455 0 R /P 5 0 R /S /P Lagos Ibadan Railway Modernisation Project. endobj 26 0 obj >> /S /LBody << endobj H|Un8}W,V$%Rl@}YAh- dXx9s8ea?eWMiphvHXQ3rVf@Vdp in]nn=1UBiDmn|Z|&' Q.jf@/Vp?0>(@6_\BK 9gD|DnnM$mvYY@\D~v)JC^L\m1sF"|L0x,IvXoi^3N*bOS:q5(g%9Bgc@KGM+h(xY)V47Fha >> /K 23 /Pg 21 0 R I also hope that ARCON, NIA and now ANCA will do more to provide value for us, their members and the profession of architecture. endobj endobj endobj The port is expected to cost $2.7 billion to construct. On building projects, Architects are aware they are to charge 4.75% but often wrongly apply it. 288 0 obj /Type /Page How honest is he and which of his past jobs can he point to? /P 10 0 R It may ruin your plans and you may land in a problem with which you have to incur greater cost of solving, than seeking professional advice. /S /Table /P 478 0 R 125 0 R] /Pg 17 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /P 450 0 R << /K 26 Please share this article if you liked it. /S /LBody /Lang (EN-GB) /K 2 /Pg 16 0 R /P 463 0 R /S /P Building professionals can be of immense benefits when you need them at short notice and at little cost. /Pg 22 0 R /S /P /K 399 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) << /K 25 /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) 135 /K 4 >> /Kids [19 0 R 20 0 R 21 0 R 22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R] /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 15 0 R /Pg 24 0 R >> << /Pg 22 0 R 281 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) << /S /P 275 0 obj /K 2 /Lang (EN-GB) /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /K 13 << /Lang (EN-GB) 262 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) >> << >> 119 0 obj endobj endobj >> /Pg 21 0 R /Pg 21 0 R Your email address will not be published. 307 0 obj >> /Lang (EN-GB) /K 11 /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) endobj << /Pg 21 0 R Design consultation tailored to the needs of consultations, while a maximum of 3 X Design REVISION. endobj /Lang (EN-GB) endobj >> << /K 4 << /K 21 /Pg 16 0 R /Pg 16 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 20 0 R /Title 220 0 obj Thanks Nelson, I have written a new post on the 2016 Architects condition of engagement. endobj /P 436 0 R /S /P /Pg 20 0 R endobj /F 0 /Pg 21 0 R << /Pg 23 0 R >> /CS0 [/ICCBased 353 0 R] /Lang (EN-GB) /P 10 0 R /K 15 << >> /K 5 /K 4 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R 52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R endobj /P 10 0 R endobj Ways of Supervising Your Building Projects in Nigeria - EzineArticles >> null null null 327 0 R null null null 328 0 R null null /P 458 0 R /Pg 18 0 R /S /P Summary: (1)Know the numbers of people you require per day on site. << /Pg 21 0 R << /P 462 0 R /P 462 0 R This means that author/s may upload a second copy to institutional repositories. << /Parent 9 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) << /K 61 /Type /Metadata /K 103 /S /P To avoid disasters, make sure your contractor stipulates his health measures for his workers especially in a large building. Analysis of Cost of Rework on Time and Cost Performance of Building /P 465 0 R >> Supervision of building project ranges from employing project manager to self supervision, depending on the size and kind of project. /P 454 0 R /D [20 0 R /XYZ 126 396 null] /P 10 0 R /TT0 363 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) << /S /LBody >> /K 17 /Type /Page << /K 45 HUK6W P|EN{h69`+I}gH pofGxZ]0j;T-p)c P=8lF zehn5j~3vv /P 10 0 R 1 0 obj /Rotate 0 130 0 obj /P 450 0 R << >> << /Lang (EN-GB) endobj /S /L >> endobj /S /P 72 0 obj 215 0 obj /Pg 22 0 R >> 161 0 obj <]/Prev 182772>> /P 10 0 R /P 471 0 R /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P /Pg 24 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /K 12 >> endobj << 56 0 obj >> The Service is limited to the supervision of the construction project does not include the procurement of goods and so on - the other. /Pg 20 0 R /S /P endobj /P 10 0 R /Pg 17 0 R /Contents 378 0 R >> When ETC changes in the course of the project, stages 1 & 2 of the architects fees can remain the same, but Stage 3 must be calculated with the TCS. 341 0 obj You are the boss and pay only when the job is satisfactory. << endobj /Pg 24 0 R << << /P 451 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) >> Propose changes and adjustments in the field to solve problems that occur during construction work and the owner is the decision maker. >> << * Provide advice on contractual and commercial matters. << /Lang (EN-GB) << 237 0 obj /Contents 380 0 R I am glad you found my articles educative. << In a situation like this, another method can be used to determine the ETC. endobj /K 15 PDF Cost and Time Overruns in Building Projects Procured Using Traditional 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R 94 0 R /Lang (EN-US) /Underline /Span endobj 222 0 obj /Diagram /Figure >> /Im3 370 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) >> endobj /P 10 0 R >> /S /LBody /Lang (EN-US) >> << /S /P >> endobj /A 392 0 R /P 467 0 R /P 10 0 R null 329 0 R null null null 330 0 R null null null 331 0 R /Pg 20 0 R 0000052497 00000 n /Pg 20 0 R /S /P /Lang (EN-US) 9 0 obj For the selection of building's project contractor is significant the ratio among quality and cost, which should be 60 % versus 40 %. AJOL and the millions of African and international researchers who rely on our free services are deeply grateful for your contribution. >> << /Pg 20 0 R /P 471 0 R 82 0 obj /S /P /K 37 /S /P /P 501 0 R << endstream /Pg 14 0 R /P 446 0 R /S /P This is the most common method of calculating fees. /S /P 52 0 obj << /TT1 359 0 R >> 273 0 obj /P 466 0 R /Pg 20 0 R <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> ETC is the preliminary amount the Quantity surveyor (QS) arrives at and says would be the approximate cost at which the construction will be executed. endobj 66 0 obj endobj /K [426 0 R 427 0 R 428 0 R 429 0 R 430 0 R 431 0 R 432 0 R 433 0 R 434 0 R 435 0 R 252 0 R 253 0 R 254 0 R 255 0 R 256 0 R 257 0 R 258 0 R 259 0 R 260 0 R 99 0 R] >> xref /TT4 361 0 R But make sure you dont stretch your budget to the limit. endobj /K 3 340 0 obj Thanks a million. /P 508 0 R /Pg 23 0 R << /Lang (EN-GB) >> Once you have ascertained the estimated total cost (ETC) of construction the next thing is to break it down. 129 0 obj 309 0 obj /Type /Page /Lang (EN-GB) >> /P 10 0 R 238 0 obj /Lang (EN-US) /S /P >> Get your building plan approved. endobj << /ColorSpace << /S /P endobj /Outline /Span 327 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) >> endobj 148 0 obj endobj /S /P endobj >> /First 7 0 R >> endobj /S /LBody Make sure everyone is qualified for the job at hand and dont allow any contractor to decide for you. /P 471 0 R /K 6 /P 10 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /P 10 0 R An integral part of management is monitoring. << << /Lang (EN-GB) /P 468 0 R Why not Choosing Vibrant Colors for Bali Architectural Floor Tiling? /Pg 20 0 R << << 253 0 obj /Pg 20 0 R /K 6 /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /TT2 364 0 R /Subtype /Link /Lang (EN-US) Everyday tasks include working with and supervising both cost and planning engineers to develop work breakdown structures, performance analysis and provide recommendations and be the direct line of contact to the client for day to day activities. /K 10 The cost per area can be gotten from a QS or from your construction experience. endobj 154 0 obj /K 23 endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 20 0 R << >> >> /Lang (EN-GB) /ColorSpace << 329 0 obj /S /P Fixing issues around your home can make it more efficient and comfortablenot to mention increase its value. A competent professional with 12 years of experience in supervision,estimation and planning of building structure, interior fit outs, road & infra structure works.<br><br>Handed over residential project of 354 villas (Sipchem Home Ownership Program) including interior fit outs.<br><br>Last experience was with industrial construction comprises of Project & maintenance for three units of total . >> /K 4 Nov 2022 - Present5 months. 38 0 obj /P 461 0 R endobj << /Lang (EN-GB) endobj /Tabs /S /P 431 0 R /P 463 0 R << 49 0 obj /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) I will focus on the scale of fees but briefly shed some light on time charges. /Count 5 /Strikeout /Span << /Resources << /Superscript /Span >> /S /LBody << << /Outlines 3 0 R /K 11 >> /P 10 0 R /TT2 361 0 R % /TT2 356 0 R >> 247 0 obj >> endobj /K 0 << << /Lang (EN-GB) /K 81 endobj and ShakantuW. << - the other. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] Two of the expressways lanes are intended to be exclusively used by theLagos Bus Rapid Transit System. 34 0 obj /Pg 20 0 R /S /P /TT7 363 0 R << /S /LBody /S /P /S /P /Pg 20 0 R 342 0 obj << << /Lang (EN-GB) endobj /S /P endobj /K 101 /Pg 20 0 R endobj /K 22 What the Nigerian method of fee calculation can learn from Canada, 2020 Complete List of ARCON Accredited Schools of Architecture in Nigeria, How to Calculate Architects Fees Edition III, How to Calculate Architects Fees Edition II, 8 Clauses That Empower Architects On Construction Sites. >> /TT1 359 0 R 25% (Nominal site supervision) - Stage 3; . /S /P Cost of Supervision | Remodeling /Pg 22 0 R /Pg 23 0 R 83 0 obj >> /Endnote /Note /K 29 /S /P 41 0 obj endobj stream 114 0 obj /K 119 endobj << /Subtype /XML /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) << /Rotate 0 /Pg 20 0 R << << /Lang (EN-GB) "I probably come close to someone who marks up 1.67, but I know my exact costs," he says. /Lang (EN-GB) >> endobj endobj /K 0 endobj /Count 6 /Pg 23 0 R /P 10 0 R endobj Nigeria holds the largest number of projects in West Africa with 21 projects (28%), valued at US$54.2bn (67.1% in US dollar value terms). /P 10 0 R /P 510 0 R /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) /K 60 /S /P >> endobj magnitude of cost that could be saved on the project , 3].